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Catalogue of averaged stellar effective magnetic fields. I. Chemically peculiar A and B type stars
This paper presents the catalogue and the method of determination ofaveraged quadratic effective magnetic fields < B_e > for 596 mainsequence and giant stars. The catalogue is based on measurements of thestellar effective (or mean longitudinal) magnetic field strengths B_e,which were compiled from the existing literature.We analysed the properties of 352 chemically peculiar A and B stars inthe catalogue, including Am, ApSi, He-weak, He-rich, HgMn, ApSrCrEu, andall ApSr type stars. We have found that the number distribution of allchemically peculiar (CP) stars vs. averaged magnetic field strength isdescribed by a decreasing exponential function. Relations of this typehold also for stars of all the analysed subclasses of chemicalpeculiarity. The exponential form of the above distribution function canbreak down below about 100 G, the latter value representingapproximately the resolution of our analysis for A type stars.Table A.1 and its references are only available in electronic form atthe CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/407/631 and Tables 3 to 9are only available in electronic form at http://www.edpsciences.org
| Multiplicity among chemically peculiar stars. II. Cool magnetic Ap stars
We present new orbits for sixteen Ap spectroscopic binaries, four ofwhich might in fact be Am stars, and give their orbital elements. Fourof them are SB2 systems: HD 5550, HD 22128, HD 56495 and HD 98088. Thetwelve other stars are: HD 9996, HD 12288, HD 40711, HD 54908, HD 65339,HD 73709, HD 105680, HD 138426, HD 184471, HD 188854, HD 200405 and HD216533. Rough estimates of the individual masses of the components of HD65339 (53 Cam) are given, combining our radial velocities with theresults of speckle interferometry and with Hipparcos parallaxes.Considering the mass functions of 74 spectroscopic binaries from thiswork and from the literature, we conclude that the distribution of themass ratio is the same for cool Ap stars and for normal G dwarfs.Therefore, the only differences between binaries with normal stars andthose hosting an Ap star lie in the period distribution: except for thecase of HD 200405, all orbital periods are longer than (or equal to) 3days. A consequence of this peculiar distribution is a deficit of nulleccentricities. There is no indication that the secondary has a specialnature, like e.g. a white dwarf. Based on observations collected at theObservatoire de Haute-Provence (CNRS), France.Tables 1 to 3 are only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/394/151Appendix B is only available in electronic form athttp://www.edpsciences.org
| Rotational velocities of A-type stars in the northern hemisphere. II. Measurement of v sin i
This work is the second part of the set of measurements of v sin i forA-type stars, begun by Royer et al. (\cite{Ror_02a}). Spectra of 249 B8to F2-type stars brighter than V=7 have been collected at Observatoirede Haute-Provence (OHP). Fourier transforms of several line profiles inthe range 4200-4600 Å are used to derive v sin i from thefrequency of the first zero. Statistical analysis of the sampleindicates that measurement error mainly depends on v sin i and thisrelative error of the rotational velocity is found to be about 5% onaverage. The systematic shift with respect to standard values fromSlettebak et al. (\cite{Slk_75}), previously found in the first paper,is here confirmed. Comparisons with data from the literature agree withour findings: v sin i values from Slettebak et al. are underestimatedand the relation between both scales follows a linear law ensuremath vsin inew = 1.03 v sin iold+7.7. Finally, thesedata are combined with those from the previous paper (Royer et al.\cite{Ror_02a}), together with the catalogue of Abt & Morrell(\cite{AbtMol95}). The resulting sample includes some 2150 stars withhomogenized rotational velocities. Based on observations made atObservatoire de Haute Provence (CNRS), France. Tables \ref{results} and\ref{merging} are only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.125.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/393/897
| Further Improvement of the Period and New R Light Curve of CQ UMa
We report new period improvement for CQ UMa based on new photoelectricobservations. A new light-curve in the red region is published.
| The Catania Automatic Photoelectric Telescope on Mt. Etna: a systematic study of magnetically active stars
A photometric monitoring of about 50 magnetically active stars, that arespread almost all over the H-R diagram, was initiated at the mountainstation of Catania Observatory on Mt. Etna (1750-m a.s.l.) in 1992 withan 80-cm robotic telescope (APT-80) built by AutoScope Co. (USA). Thissystematic survey is now approaching its 10th year anniversary. For mostof the stars, quite well defined solar-like spot maps have been derivedfrom UBV data obtained in different epochs. These data have allowed usto investigate some relevant characteristics of spot activity andvariability on stars, and to obtain clear evidence of long-term activitycycles, in the range from a few to about 10 years, on some of theobserved targets. Starspot maps are constructed by using advanced tools,such as massive parallel computing and are based on Maximum Entropy andTikhonov regularization criteria. Selected results are here presented.Our systematic observation program is still underway and a secondAPT80/2, equipped with a CCD camera, will pair the APT80/1 on the samesite. Its operation is foreseen for mid 2002.
| Are Stellar Rotational Axes Distributed Randomly?
Stellar line widths yield values of Vsini, but the equatorial rotationalvelocities, V, cannot be determined for individual stars withoutknowledge of their inclinations, i, relative to the lines of sight. Forlarge numbers of stars we usually assume random orientations ofrotational axes to derive mean values of V, but we wonder whether thatassumption is valid. Individual inclinations can be derived only inspecial cases, such as for eclipsing binaries where they are close to90° or for chromospherically active late-type dwarfs or spotted(e.g., Ap) stars where we have independent information about therotational periods. We consider recent data on 102 Ap stars for whichCatalano & Renson compiled rotational periods from the literatureand Abt & Morrell (primarily) obtained measures of Vsini. We findthat the rotational axes are oriented randomly within the measuringerrors. We searched for possible dependence of the inclinations onGalactic latitude or longitude, and found no dependence.
| A Photometric Catalog of Herbig AE/BE Stars and Discussion of the Nature and Cause of the Variations of UX Orionis Stars
UBVR photometric monitoring of Herbig Ae/Be stars and some relatedobjects has been carried out at Maidanak Observatory in Uzbekistan since1983. More than 71,000 observations of about 230 stars have beenobtained and are made available for anonymous ftp. Virtually all HerbigAe/Be stars observed are irregular variables (called ``UXors'' after UXOri), but there is a wide range of amplitudes from barely detectable tomore than 4 mag in V. Our data confirm the results of previous studies,which indicate that large-amplitude variability is confined to starswith spectral types later than B8. The distribution of variabilityranges is quite similar to what is seen in classical T Tauri stars. Acareful search has failed to reveal any evidence for periodic variationsup to 30 days, which can be interpreted as rotation periods. This is aclear distinction between the light variations of low-mass and high-masspre-main-sequence stars. The Herbig Ae/Be stars evidently do not possesseither the large, stable cool spots or persistent hot spots associatedwith strong surface magnetic fields and magnetically funneled accretionin classical T Tauri stars. A wide variety of shapes, timescales, andamplitudes exists, but the most common behavior is well illustrated bythe light curve of LkHα 234. There are two principal components:(1) irregular variations on timescales of days around a mean brightnesslevel that changes on a much longer timescale (typically years),sometimes in a quasi-cyclic fashion, and (2) occasional episodes of deepminima, occurring at irregular intervals but more frequently near thelow points of the brightness cycles. Our data suggest that many T Tauristars of K0 and earlier spectral type share the same variabilitycharacteristics as Herbig Ae/Be stars and should be regarded as UXors.Two FU Orionis stars (``FUors''), FU Ori and V1515 Cyg, also have recentlight curves that are similar, in some respects, to UXors. The mostdeveloped model to account for the variations of some large-amplitudeUXors involves variable obscuration by circumstellar dust clumpsorbiting the star in a disk viewed nearly edge-on. However, there areproblems in extending this model to the entire class, which lead us topropose an alternative mechanism, i.e., unsteady accretion. Evidencefavoring the accretion model over the obscuration model is presented. Itis suggested that the thermal instability mechanism responsible foroutbursts in interacting binary system disks, and possibly FUors, may bethe cause of the deep minima in UXors.
| On the HIPPARCOS photometry of chemically peculiar B, A, and F stars
The Hipparcos photometry of the Chemically Peculiar main sequence B, A,and F stars is examined for variability. Some non-magnetic CP stars,Mercury-Manganese and metallic-line stars, which according to canonicalwisdom should not be variable, may be variable and are identified forfurther study. Some potentially important magnetic CP stars are noted.Tables 1, 2, and 3 are available only in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| Effective temperatures of AP stars
A new method of determination of the effective temperatures of Ap starsis proposed. The method is based on the fact that the slopes of theenergy distribution in the Balmer continuum near the Balmer jump for``normal" main sequence stars and chemically peculiar stars with thesame Teff are identical. The effective temperaturecalibration is based on a sample of main sequence stars with well knowntemperatures (\cite[Sokolov 1995]{sokolov}). It is shown that theeffective temperatures of Ap stars are derived by this method in goodagreement with those derived by the infrared flux method and by themethod of \cite[Stepien & Dominiczak (1989)]{stepien}. On the otherhand, the comparison of obtained Teff with Teffderived from the color index (B2-G) of Geneva photometry shows a largescatter of the points, nevertheless there are no systematicaldifferences between two sets of the data.
| Delta a and Stroemgren photometry of stars in the Renson-catalogue of AP and AM stars
We have observed 131 stars of \cite[Renson's (1991)]{re91} catalogue ofAp and Am stars both in the Stroemgren & Maitzen's (1976) Delta asystem as a contribution to the photometric studies of the lambda 5200broad band flux depression feature in chemically peculiar stars. Withfew exceptions the probability grouping of Renson for membership in theCP2 group of peculiar stars is nicely reflected by peculiar values ofDelta a. Comparison with already available Delta a values yieldsslightly larger values due to a minor shift in the filter g_1 samplingthe depression. As found by \cite[Maitzen & Vogt (1983)]{ma83} theGeneva system peculiarity parameters correlate well with Delta a. Thisstudy demonstrates the advantageous performance of a photoelectricphotometer with a rapidly rotating filter wheel moving in a stop and gomode. Tables 3 and 4 are also available in electronic form at the CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| The observed periods of AP and BP stars
A catalogue of all the periods up to now proposed for the variations ofCP2, CP3, and CP4 stars is presented. The main identifiers (HD and HR),the proper name, the variable-star name, and the spectral type andpeculiarity are given for each star as far as the coordinates at 2000.0and the visual magnitude. The nature of the observed variations (light,spectrum, magnetic field, etc.) is presented in a codified way. Thecatalogue is arranged in three tables: the bulk of the data, i.e. thosereferring to CP2, CP3, and CP4 stars, are given in Table 1, while thedata concerning He-strong stars are given in Table 2 and those foreclipsing or ellipsoidal variables are collected in Table 3. Notes arealso provided at the end of each table, mainly about duplicities. Thecatalogue contains data on 364 CP stars and is updated to 1996, October31. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS,Strasbourg, France.
| The HR-diagram from HIPPARCOS data. Absolute magnitudes and kinematics of BP - AP stars
The HR-diagram of about 1000 Bp - Ap stars in the solar neighbourhoodhas been constructed using astrometric data from Hipparcos satellite aswell as photometric and radial velocity data. The LM method\cite{luri95,luri96} allows the use of proper motion and radial velocitydata in addition to the trigonometric parallaxes to obtain luminositycalibrations and improved distances estimates. Six types of Bp - Apstars have been examined: He-rich, He-weak, HgMn, Si, Si+ and SrCrEu.Most Bp - Ap stars lie on the main sequence occupying the whole width ofit (about 2 mag), just like normal stars in the same range of spectraltypes. Their kinematic behaviour is typical of thin disk stars youngerthan about 1 Gyr. A few stars found to be high above the galactic planeor to have a high velocity are briefly discussed. Based on data from theESA Hipparcos astrometry satellite and photometric data collected in theGeneva system at ESO, La Silla (Chile) and at Jungfraujoch andGornergrat Observatories (Switzerland). Tables 3 and 4 are onlyavailable in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| The Pulkovo Spectrophotometric Catalog of Bright Stars in the Range from 320 TO 1080 NM
A spectrophotometric catalog is presented, combining results of numerousobservations made by Pulkovo astronomers at different observing sites.The catalog consists of three parts: the first contains the data for 602stars in the spectral range of 320--735 nm with a resolution of 5 nm,the second one contains 285 stars in the spectral range of 500--1080 nmwith a resolution of 10 nm and the third one contains 278 stars combinedfrom the preceding catalogs in the spectral range of 320--1080 nm with aresolution of 10 nm. The data are presented in absolute energy unitsW/m(2) m, with a step of 2.5 nm and with an accuracy not lower than1.5--2.0%.
| An analysis of the AP spectroscopic binary HD 59435.
HD 59435 is a double-lined spectroscopic binary (SB2), with slowlyrotating components of very similar luminosity. It was studied throughhigh-resolution spectroscopy, photometry and CORAVEL observations.Orbital elements are presented. The orbital period is 1387 days. Theline of sight lies close to the orbital plane, but no eclipses have beenobserved so far. The primary is an evolved G8 or K0 star, which haslikely just descended the Red Giant Branch. The secondary is a cool Apstar close to the end of its main-sequence life. It shows lines resolvedinto magnetically split components, from which its mean magnetic fieldmodulus can be diagnosed. The field varies with a remarkably largerelative amplitude, over a rotation period which is at least of theorder of 3 years.
| Improvement of the Period of CQ UMa
Not Available
| The Relation between Rotational Velocities and Spectral Peculiarities among A-Type Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1995ApJS...99..135A&db_key=AST
| Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
| A new list of effective temperatures of chemically peculiar stars. II.
Not Available
| Some problems of non-reversive CP stars. I. Spatial distribution.
Not Available
| Spectrophotometry of Peculiar B-Stars and A-Stars - Part Nineteen - Variability of the Magnetic Cp-Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1993A&AS..101..393A&db_key=AST
| Long-term stability of the light curves of CQ Ursae Majoris
New UBV observations of an Ap-star CQ Uma (HD 119213, HR 5153) arecompared to all previously published photometry. An improved photometricrotation period, P(phot) = 2.4499086 +/- 0.0000047 d, is derived. Weanalyze the long-term stability of the light curve, including the meanbrightness, amplitude of the rotational modulation of brightness, thephase of the light minimum, and the photometric rotation period. Allthese characteristics show strong stability over the whole period ofobservations, indicating constancy of the spot configuration. If thisresult is interpreted also as a constancy of the magnetic fieldstructure, any cyclic amplification of the magnetic field is excludedand the magnetic field is either a fossil or a steady dynamo field.
| The outstanding photometric variations of the AP star HD 7676 = VV Scl
Contrary to what was formerly believed, VV Scl is not an eclipsing starbut an Alpha CVn type variable with period P = 5.0976 +/- 0.0001 d. Therange of the luminosity variation is remarkably large for an Ap star,especially in B of Johnson's system, and in b and mostly in v ofStromgren's one. A secondary minimum appears near the maximum in B, b,an v. The main minima are in phase in all colors.
| The photometric variations of the AP star HD34631
The photometric behavior in the uvby system of the Ap star HD34631 hasbeen reanalyzed on the basis of data collected over a time span of 16years. A more accurate value of the period is deduced: P = 2.20269+/-0.00004d. The lightcurves show a double-wave shape. The variationsare smallest in the v band.
| Second supplement to the catalogue of observed periods of AP stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1991A&AS...87...59C&db_key=AST
| On the origin of the statistical correlation between rotation periods and apparent radii for CP 2 stars
Apparent rotational velocities and rotation periods for CP 2 stars areused to study the 'apparent' radius distribution of R sin i. It impliesa distribution for the radii of CP 2 stars which is almost normal fortheir temperatures when compared to main sequence stars. However, astatistical correlation exists between rotation period P and R sin i. Itis argued that, at least in the case of silicon stars, neitherconservation of angular momentum on the main sequence, nor bias in themeasured v sin i values are able to induce a correlation of the observedstrength. Thus, one has to postulate either additional rotationalbraking depending statistically on R, or a detection bias dependingstatistically on i. It is shown that the correlation might be explainedin both ways and the implications of each possibility are discussed.
| Magnetic Fields and Other Parameters of Chemically Peculiar Stars - Part Two
Not Available
| Behaviour of OI triplet 7773 A. II - AP stars
The behavior of the O I triplet at 7773 A in a sample of 74 Ap stars isanalyzed and compared with the results derived for a set of 50 normalstars. These abundance determinations are made in the NLTE frame byintroducing a correction to the LTE model atmosphere. Among the Apstars, the oxygen abundance varies greatly from one group to another andshows a clear separation between the different classes of peculiarities.An underabundance of up to a factor 400 is found for the (Sr-Cr-Eu)stars.
| Radii and space orientation of the rotational axes of AP stars
The inclination of the rotation axis to the line of sight (i) has beendetermined for a carefully selected sample of Ap stars with reliablevalues of periods of rotation, and values of the stellar radius (R)times sin i have been compared with values of normal main-sequencestars. The findings that none of the obtained R x sin i values aresignificantly larger than the upper limit for the radius of a mainsequence stars and that the mean radius of Ap stars is close to thenormal main sequence value suggest that most Ap stars are main-sequenceobjects. The observed i distribution implies that the distribution ofthe rotational axes of Ap stars in space is random.
| A search for the age-dependency of AP star parameters
Some observational data of the sample of the magnetic chemicallypeculiar stars (MCP stars) are investigated statistically. For the MCPstars of spectral types later than A2, both the frequency distributionand the (R) sin i-values suggest the existence of a linear relationbetween stellar diameter and rotation period. The MCP stars of spectraltypes earlier than B9 show an overpopulation of small (R) sin i whichmay indicate the existence of a second group with smaller radius in thissample. The equatorially symmetric rotator is used as the magneticmodel. With respect to its temporal behavior, the effective magneticfield is separated into dipolar and quadrupolar contribution. Both signsof the axisymmetric quadrupole moment appear with equal frequency. Thedipole moment which produces the amplitude of the Beff(t) curve formsfor longer periods two groups which are separated by a distinct gap.Both of the groups exhibit magnetic fields which are the stronger thegreater the stellar radius is, contrary to what is expected forfrozen-in fields. The dominance of magnetic curves without polarityreversal for longer-period stars is in accordance with predictions ofthe dynamo theory.
| Starbursts, binary stars, and blue stragglers in local superclusters and groups. I - The very young disk and young disk populations
The distributions in the HR diagram with theoretical time-constant locifor stars in several young clusters and superclusters are compared todemonstrate that 'blue stragglers' in these aggregates are mostfrequently simply single massive (mode B) stars formed in bursts of starformation that occur at discrete intervals in time following theformation of the bulk of the low-mass (mode A) stars in the aggregate.The characteristics of the close binary systems in these aggregates areexamined to show that, in several cases, mass transfer by Roche lobeoverflow has or will occur and that, in some instances, the system wouldhave appeared as a blue straggler prior to the mass-transfer event, and,in other instances, mass transfer will lead to the identification of thesystem as a blue straggler. Thus, it is concluded that the bluestraggler phenomenon has at least two distinct physical origins: it mayoriginate from delayed formation (starbursts) or from 'delayedevolution' in some close binaries (mass transfer from an evolvedprimary).
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Άρκτος Μεγάλη |
| Right ascension: | 13h40m21.30s |
| Declination: | +57°12'27.0" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 6.29 |
| Distance: | 88.339 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | -50.4 |
| Proper motion Dec: | 26.1 |
| B-T magnitude: | 6.414 |
| V-T magnitude: | 6.288 |
Catalogs and designations:
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