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The stellar population of the Rosat North Ecliptic Pole survey
Context: .X-ray surveys are a very efficient mean of detecting youngstars and therefore allow us to study the young stellar population inthe solar neighborhood and the local star formation history in the lastbillion of years. Aims: .We want to study the young stellarpopulation in the solar neighborhood, to constrain its spatial densityand scale height as well as the recent local star formation history. Methods: .We analyze the stellar content of the ROSAT North EclipticPole survey, and compare the observations with the predictions derivedfrom stellar galactic model. Since the ROSAT NEP survey is sensitive atintermediate fluxes is able to sample both the youngest stars and theintermediate age stars (younger than 109 years), linking theshallow and deep flux surveys already published in the literature. Results: .We confirm the existence of an excess of yellow stars inour neighborhood previously seen in shallow survey, which is likely dueto a young star population not accounted for in the model. However theexcellent agreement between observations and predictions of dM starscasts some doubt on the real nature of this active population.
| The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of 14 000 F and G dwarfs
We present and discuss new determinations of metallicity, rotation, age,kinematics, and Galactic orbits for a complete, magnitude-limited, andkinematically unbiased sample of 16 682 nearby F and G dwarf stars. Our63 000 new, accurate radial-velocity observations for nearly 13 500stars allow identification of most of the binary stars in the sampleand, together with published uvbyβ photometry, Hipparcosparallaxes, Tycho-2 proper motions, and a few earlier radial velocities,complete the kinematic information for 14 139 stars. These high-qualityvelocity data are supplemented by effective temperatures andmetallicities newly derived from recent and/or revised calibrations. Theremaining stars either lack Hipparcos data or have fast rotation. Amajor effort has been devoted to the determination of new isochrone agesfor all stars for which this is possible. Particular attention has beengiven to a realistic treatment of statistical biases and errorestimates, as standard techniques tend to underestimate these effectsand introduce spurious features in the age distributions. Our ages agreewell with those by Edvardsson et al. (\cite{edv93}), despite severalastrophysical and computational improvements since then. We demonstrate,however, how strong observational and theoretical biases cause thedistribution of the observed ages to be very different from that of thetrue age distribution of the sample. Among the many basic relations ofthe Galactic disk that can be reinvestigated from the data presentedhere, we revisit the metallicity distribution of the G dwarfs and theage-metallicity, age-velocity, and metallicity-velocity relations of theSolar neighbourhood. Our first results confirm the lack of metal-poor Gdwarfs relative to closed-box model predictions (the ``G dwarfproblem''), the existence of radial metallicity gradients in the disk,the small change in mean metallicity of the thin disk since itsformation and the substantial scatter in metallicity at all ages, andthe continuing kinematic heating of the thin disk with an efficiencyconsistent with that expected for a combination of spiral arms and giantmolecular clouds. Distinct features in the distribution of the Vcomponent of the space motion are extended in age and metallicity,corresponding to the effects of stochastic spiral waves rather thanclassical moving groups, and may complicate the identification ofthick-disk stars from kinematic criteria. More advanced analyses of thisrich material will require careful simulations of the selection criteriafor the sample and the distribution of observational errors.Based on observations made with the Danish 1.5-m telescope at ESO, LaSilla, Chile, and with the Swiss 1-m telescope at Observatoire deHaute-Provence, France.Complete Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/418/989
| The ROSAT North Ecliptic Pole Survey: the Optical Identifications
The X-ray data around the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) of the ROSAT All SkySurvey have been used to construct a contiguous area survey consistingof a sample of 445 individual X-ray sources above a flux of~2×10-14 ergs cm-2 s-1 in the0.5-2.0 keV energy band. The NEP survey is centered atα2000=18h00m,δ2000=+66deg33' and covers aregion of 80.7 deg2 at a moderate Galactic latitude ofb=29.8d. Hence, the NEP survey is as deep and covers a comparable solidangle to the ROSAT serendipitous surveys but is also contiguous. We haveidentified 99.6% of the sources and determined redshifts for theextragalactic objects. In this paper we present the opticalidentifications of the NEP catalog of X-ray sources including basicX-ray data and properties of the sources. We also describe with somedetail the optical identification procedure. The classification of theoptical counterparts to the NEP sources is very similar to that ofprevious surveys, in particular the Einstein Extended Medium SensitivitySurvey (EMSS). The main constituents of the catalog are active galacticnuclei (AGNs) (~49%), either type 1 or type 2 according to the broadnessof their permitted emission lines. Stellar counterparts are the secondmost common identification class (~34%). Clusters and groups of galaxiescomprise 14%, and BL Lacertae objects 2%. One non-AGN galaxy and oneplanetary nebula have also been found. The NEP catalog of X-ray sourcesis a homogeneous sample of astronomical objects featuring completeoptical identification.
| Candidate Pre-Main-Sequence F Stars with Circumstellar Dust Identified Using Combined 2MASS and uvby Data
We propose a method that uses near-infrared plus uvby photometry toidentify potentially extensive circumstellar dusty environments around Fand A stars. The method has been applied to a sample of ~900 metal-richreddened F stars with 2 Micron All Sky Survey and uvby data, suggestingthe presence of circumstellar dust emitting in the near-infrared for ~70stars. The logTe-MV diagram suggests that most, ifnot all, are likely pre-main-sequence (PMS) stars. They seem to be acontinuation of the class of Herbig Ae/Be PMS stars in the spectral typeF. Their number drops sharply downward of logTe~3.84(spectral types later than ~F5), which may provide new clues to the PMSevolution of 1-2 Msolar stars. We present a list of 21 of themost conspicuous candidate stars with circumstellar dust. About half ofthem are associated with the extended star-forming region around ρOphiuchi. The brightest of these 21 stars, with V<~7.5, turn out tobe IRAS sources, suggesting the presence of heated dust emitting in thefar-infrared. Also in this list, HD 81270 is reported as a very unusualstar moving away from the Galactic plane at a projected speed of 70 kms-1.
| Identification of a Complete Sample of Northern ROSAT All-Sky Survey X-Ray Sources. III. The Catalog
We present a catalog of optical identifications of a representativesample of northern ( delta > -9 deg) ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS)sources. A full identification has been carried out for a count-rate-and area-limited complete RASS subsample comprising 674 sources. Allsources are within six study areas outside the Galactic plane (| b |> 19.dg6), one area being near the north Galactic pole and one nearthe north ecliptic pole.
| Estimation of spectral classifications for bright northern stars with interesting Stromgren indices
The purpose of this investigation is to provide spectroscopic observerswith finding lists of potentially interesting objects. From anunpublished UVBY catalogue of 7026 northern stars (mostly brighter than8.3m) 1094 objects with interesting combinations of UVBY indices havebeen selected. Most stars with post-HD classifications have beenexcluded, as well as late F dwarfs belonging to the intermediatepopulation II. For the 792 remaining stars estimated spectralclassifications are given. The techniques and experience from a previouspaper dealing with southern stars have been utilized here. Among thepredicted spectral classifications are 40 OB stars; 262 Ap, Am, or Fmstars; 16 supergiants of types A to G; 110 bright giants of types A to K(class II); 156 double stars or objects with composite spectra; 26 lateF dwarfs; 91 weak-lined dwarf and giant stars of types F to K, includingearly F-type population II field blue stragglers; and a few possiblefield horizontal branch stars, lambda Bootis-type stars, and late-typehalo giants.
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Δράκων |
| Right ascension: | 17h21m10.44s |
| Declination: | +69°48'02.5" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 7.388 |
| Distance: | 306.748 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | -12.7 |
| Proper motion Dec: | 29.6 |
| B-T magnitude: | 8.124 |
| V-T magnitude: | 7.449 |
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