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Seyfert galaxies in UZC-Compact Groups
We present results concerning the occurrence of Seyfert galaxies in anew automatically selected sample of nearby Compact Groups of galaxies(UZC-CGs). Seventeen Seyferts are found, constituting 3% of theUZC-CG galaxy population. CGs hosting and non-hosting a Seyfert memberexhibit no significant differences, except that a relevant number of Sy2is found in unusual CGs, all presenting large velocity dispersion(σ>400 km s-1), many neighbours and a high number ofellipticals. We also find that the fraction of Seyferts in CGs is 3times as large as that among UZC-single-galaxies, and results from anexcess of Sy2s. CG-Seyferts are not more likely than other CG galaxiesto present major interaction patterns, nor to display a bar. Our resultsindirectly support the minor-merging fueling mechanism.
| Radio emission from AGN detected by the VLA FIRST survey
Using the most recent (April 2003) version of the VLA FIRST survey radiocatalog, we have searched for radio emission from >2800 AGN takenfrom the most recent (2001) version of the Veron-Cetty and Veron AGNcatalog. These AGN lie in the 9033 square degrees of sky alreadycovered by the VLA FIRST survey. Our work has resulted in positivedetection of radio emission from 775 AGN of which 214 are new detectionsat radio wavelengths.Tables 3 and 4 are only available in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/416/35
| A new catalogue of ISM content of normal galaxies
We have compiled a catalogue of the gas content for a sample of 1916galaxies, considered to be a fair representation of ``normality''. Thedefinition of a ``normal'' galaxy adopted in this work implies that wehave purposely excluded from the catalogue galaxies having distortedmorphology (such as interaction bridges, tails or lopsidedness) and/orany signature of peculiar kinematics (such as polar rings,counterrotating disks or other decoupled components). In contrast, wehave included systems hosting active galactic nuclei (AGN) in thecatalogue. This catalogue revises previous compendia on the ISM contentof galaxies published by \citet{bregman} and \citet{casoli}, andcompiles data available in the literature from several small samples ofgalaxies. Masses for warm dust, atomic and molecular gas, as well asX-ray luminosities have been converted to a uniform distance scale takenfrom the Catalogue of Principal Galaxies (PGC). We have used twodifferent normalization factors to explore the variation of the gascontent along the Hubble sequence: the blue luminosity (LB)and the square of linear diameter (D225). Ourcatalogue significantly improves the statistics of previous referencecatalogues and can be used in future studies to define a template ISMcontent for ``normal'' galaxies along the Hubble sequence. The cataloguecan be accessed on-line and is also available at the Centre desDonnées Stellaires (CDS).The catalogue is available in electronic form athttp://dipastro.pd.astro.it/galletta/ismcat and at the CDS via anonymousftp to\ cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via\http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/405/5
| The UZC-SSRS2 Group Catalog
We apply a friends-of-friends algorithm to the combined Updated ZwickyCatalog and Southern Sky Redshift Survey to construct a catalog of 1168groups of galaxies; 411 of these groups have five or more members withinthe redshift survey. The group catalog covers 4.69 sr, and all groupsexceed the number density contrast threshold, δρ/ρ=80. Wedemonstrate that the groups catalog is homogeneous across the twounderlying redshift surveys; the catalog of groups and their membersthus provides a basis for other statistical studies of the large-scaledistribution of groups and their physical properties. The medianphysical properties of the groups are similar to those for groupsderived from independent surveys, including the ESO Key Programme andthe Las Campanas Redshift Survey. We include tables of groups and theirmembers.
| Compact groups in the UZC galaxy sample
Applying an automatic neighbour search algorithm to the 3D UZC galaxycatalogue (Falco et al. \cite{Falco}) we have identified 291 compactgroups (CGs) with radial velocity between 1000 and 10 000 kms-1. The sample is analysed to investigate whether Tripletsdisplay kinematical and morphological characteristics similar to higherorder CGs (Multiplets). It is found that Triplets constitute lowvelocity dispersion structures, have a gas-rich galaxy population andare typically retrieved in sparse environments. Conversely Multipletsshow higher velocity dispersion, include few gas-rich members and aregenerally embedded structures. Evidence hence emerges indicating thatTriplets and Multiplets, though sharing a common scale, correspond todifferent galaxy systems. Triplets are typically field structures whilstMultiplets are mainly subclumps (either temporarily projected orcollapsing) within larger structures. Simulations show that selectioneffects can only partially account for differences, but significantcontamination of Triplets by field galaxy interlopers could eventuallyinduce the observed dependences on multiplicity. Tables 1 and 2 are onlyavailable in electronic at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.125.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/391/35
| A catalogue and analysis of X-ray luminosities of early-type galaxies
We present a catalogue of X-ray luminosities for 401 early-typegalaxies, of which 136 are based on newly analysed ROSAT PSPC pointedobservations. The remaining luminosities are taken from the literatureand converted to a common energy band, spectral model and distancescale. Using this sample we fit the LX:LB relationfor early-type galaxies and find a best-fit slope for the catalogue of~2.2. We demonstrate the influence of group-dominant galaxies on the fitand present evidence that the relation is not well modelled by a singlepower-law fit. We also derive estimates of the contribution to galaxyX-ray luminosities from discrete-sources and conclude that they provideLdscr/LB~=29.5ergs-1LBsolar-1. Wecompare this result with luminosities from our catalogue. Lastly, weexamine the influence of environment on galaxy X-ray luminosity and onthe form of the LX:LB relation. We conclude thatalthough environment undoubtedly affects the X-ray properties ofindividual galaxies, particularly those in the centres of groups andclusters, it does not change the nature of whole populations.
| The FIRST Bright Quasar Survey. II. 60 Nights and 1200 Spectra Later
We have used the Very Large Array (VLA) FIRST survey and the AutomatedPlate Measuring Facility (APM) catalog of the Palomar Observatory SkySurvey I (POSS-I) plates as the basis for constructing a newradio-selected sample of optically bright quasars. This is the firstradio-selected sample that is competitive in size with current opticallyselected quasar surveys. Using only two basic criteria, radio-opticalpositional coincidence and optical morphology, quasars and BL Lacobjects can be identified with 60% selection efficiency; the efficiencyincreases to 70% for objects fainter than 17 mag. We show that a moresophisticated selection scheme can predict with better than 85%reliability which candidates will turn out to be quasars. This paperpresents the second installment of the FIRST Bright Quasar Survey(FBQS), with a catalog of 636 quasars distributed over 2682deg2. The quasar sample is characterized and all spectra aredisplayed. The FBQS detects both radio-loud and radio-quiet quasars outto redshift z>3. We find a large population of objects ofintermediate radio loudness; there is no evidence in our sample for abimodal distribution of radio characteristics. The sample includes ~29broad absorption line quasars, both high and low ionization, and anumber of new objects with remarkable optical spectra.
| Nearby Optical Galaxies: Selection of the Sample and Identification of Groups
In this paper we describe the Nearby Optical Galaxy (NOG) sample, whichis a complete, distance-limited (cz<=6000 km s-1) andmagnitude-limited (B<=14) sample of ~7000 optical galaxies. Thesample covers 2/3 (8.27 sr) of the sky (|b|>20deg) andappears to have a good completeness in redshift (97%). We select thesample on the basis of homogenized corrected total blue magnitudes inorder to minimize systematic effects in galaxy sampling. We identify thegroups in this sample by means of both the hierarchical and thepercolation ``friends-of-friends'' methods. The resulting catalogs ofloose groups appear to be similar and are among the largest catalogs ofgroups currently available. Most of the NOG galaxies (~60%) are found tobe members of galaxy pairs (~580 pairs for a total of ~15% of objects)or groups with at least three members (~500 groups for a total of ~45%of objects). About 40% of galaxies are left ungrouped (field galaxies).We illustrate the main features of the NOG galaxy distribution. Comparedto previous optical and IRAS galaxy samples, the NOG provides a densersampling of the galaxy distribution in the nearby universe. Given itslarge sky coverage, the identification of groups, and its high-densitysampling, the NOG is suited to the analysis of the galaxy density fieldof the nearby universe, especially on small scales.
| The ROSAT Bright Survey: II. Catalogue of all high-galactic latitude RASS sources with PSPC countrate CR > 0.2 s-1
We present a summary of an identification program of the more than 2000X-ray sources detected during the ROSAT All-Sky Survey (Voges et al.1999) at high galactic latitude, |b| > 30degr , with countrate above0.2 s-1. This program, termed the ROSAT Bright Survey RBS, isto more than 99.5% complete. A sub-sample of 931 sources with countrateabove 0.2 s-1 in the hard spectral band between 0.5 and 2.0keV is to 100% identified. The total survey area comprises 20391deg2 at a flux limit of 2.4 x 10-12 ergcm-2 s-1 in the 0.5 - 2.0 keV band. About 1500sources of the complete sample could be identified by correlating theRBS with SIMBAD and the NED. The remaining ~ 500 sources were identifiedby low-resolution optical spectroscopy and CCD imaging utilizingtelescopes at La Silla, Calar Alto, Zelenchukskaya and Mauna Kea. Apartfrom completely untouched sources, catalogued clusters and galaxieswithout published redshift as well as catalogued galaxies with unusualhigh X-ray luminosity were included in the spectroscopic identificationprogram. Details of the observations with an on-line presentation of thefinding charts and the optical spectra will be published separately.Here we summarize our identifications in a table which contains opticaland X-ray information for each source. As a result we present the mostmassive complete sample of X-ray selected AGNs with a total of 669members and a well populated X-ray selected sample of 302 clusters ofgalaxies with redshifts up to 0.70. Three fields studied by us remainwithout optical counterpart (RBS0378, RBS1223, RBS1556). While the firstis a possible X-ray transient, the two latter are isolated neutron starcandidates (Motch et al. 1999, Schwope et al. 1999).
| Arcsecond Positions of UGC Galaxies
We present accurate B1950 and J2000 positions for all confirmed galaxiesin the Uppsala General Catalog (UGC). The positions were measuredvisually from Digitized Sky Survey images with rms uncertaintiesσ<=[(1.2")2+(θ/100)2]1/2,where θ is the major-axis diameter. We compared each galaxymeasured with the original UGC description to ensure high reliability.The full position list is available in the electronic version only.
| A search for high-redshift quasars among GB/FIRST flat-spectrum radio sources
We present the method and first results of a survey for high-redshift(z>3) radio-loud quasars, which is based on optical identificationsof 2902 flat-spectrum radio sources with S_5GHz>=25 mJy. The radiosample was defined over a 1600 deg^2 region using the 5-GHz Green Banksurvey and the 1.4-GHz VLA FIRST survey. 560 sources were identified toa limit of E = 19.5 on APM scans of POSS-I plates, and 337 of theseoptical counterparts are unresolved. From these a complete sample of 73sources for spectroscopic follow-up was defined based on criteria of red(O-E>=1.2) optical colour. We have obtained spectra for 36 of these,and an additional 14 have redshifts in the literature, thus 70 per centof the spectroscopic sample is completed. Six objects in the sample werefound to be radio-loud quasars with z>3, of which two were previouslyknown. The efficiency of the spectroscopic phase of the survey istherefore about 1 in 9, whereas without the colour selection criterionthe efficiency would have been 1 in sim40. The six z>3 quasars werefound in an effective area of 1100 deg^2, implying a surface density ofone flat-spectrum z>3 radio-loud quasar per 190 deg^2 to limits of E= 19.5 and S_5GHz>=25mJy. This survey has also produced the firstknown radio-loud BAL quasar, 1556+3517 with z=1.48, which has beenreported in an earlier paper. This object has a redder optical colour(O-E=2.56) than all the z>3 quasars found in this survey to date. Inaddition, we have obtained spectra of 22 GB/FIRST sources that are notpart of the complete sample. We give positions, E (red) magnitudes, O-Ecolours, radio fluxes, radio spectral indices and redshifts wherepossible for objects for which we have obtained spectra. We give spectraand finding charts for the z>3 quasars.
| An Einstein X-Ray Survey of Optically Selected Galaxies. I. Data
We present the results of a complete Einstein imaging proportionalcounter X-ray survey of optically selected galaxies from theShapley-Ames Catalog, the Uppsala General Catalogue, and the EuropeanSouthern Observatory Catalog. Well-defined optical criteria are used toselect the galaxies, and X-ray fluxes are measured at the opticallydefined positions. The result is a comprehensive list of X-ray detectionand upper limit measurements for 1018 galaxies. Of these, 827 haveeither independent distance estimates or radial velocities. Associatedoptical, redshift, and distance data have been assembled for thesegalaxies, and their distances come from a combination of directlypredicted distances and those predicted from the Faber-Burstein GreatAttractor/Virgocentric infall model. The accuracy of the X-ray fluxeshas been checked in three different ways; all are consistent with thederived X-ray fluxes being of <=0.1 dex accuracy. In particular,there is agreement with previously published X-ray fluxes for galaxiesin common with a 1991 study by Roberts et al. and a 1992 study byFabbiano et al. The data presented here will be used in further studiesto characterize the X-ray output of galaxies of various morphologicaltypes and thus to enable the determination of the major sourcescontributing to the X-ray emission from galaxies.
| An image database. II. Catalogue between δ=-30deg and δ=70deg.
A preliminary list of 68.040 galaxies was built from extraction of35.841 digitized images of the Palomar Sky Survey (Paper I). For eachgalaxy, the basic parameters are obtained: coordinates, diameter, axisratio, total magnitude, position angle. On this preliminary list, weapply severe selection rules to get a catalog of 28.000 galaxies, wellidentified and well documented. For each parameter, a comparison is madewith standard measurements. The accuracy of the raw photometricparameters is quite good despite of the simplicity of the method.Without any local correction, the standard error on the total magnitudeis about 0.5 magnitude up to a total magnitude of B_T_=17. Significantsecondary effects are detected concerning the magnitudes: distance toplate center effect and air-mass effect.
| The CfA Redshift Survey: Data for the NGP +36 Zone
We have assembled redshifts for a complete sample of 719 galaxies withm_zw_ <= 15.5 in the declination range 32.5^deg^ <= δ <=38.5^deg^ and right ascension range 8^h^ <= α <= 17^h^. Wehave determined morphological types for all galaxies in the magnitudelimited sample by direct inspection of the POSS-O plates. 576 of theredshifts are measurements from Mount Hopkins, and 405 are newredshifts. We also include new redshifts for 77 fainter galaxies in thesame strip.
| A multiparametric analysis of the Einstein sample of early-type galaxies. 1: Luminosity and ISM parameters
We have conducted bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis ofdata measuring the luminosity and interstellar medium of the Einsteinsample of early-type galaxies (presented by Fabbiano, Kim, &Trinchieri 1992). We find a strong nonlinear correlation betweenLB and LX, with a power-law slope of 1.8 +/- 0.1,steepening to 2.0 +/- if we do not consider the Local Group dwarfgalaxies M32 and NGC 205. Considering only galaxies with logLX less than or equal to 40.5, we instead find a slope of 1.0+/- 0.2 (with or without the Local Group dwarfs). Although E and S0galaxies have consistent slopes for their LB-LXrelationships, the mean values of the distribution functions of bothLX and LX/LB for the S0 galaxies arelower than those for the E galaxies at the 2.8 sigma and 3.5 sigmalevels, respectively. We find clear evidence for a correlation betweenLX and the X-ray color C21, defined by Kim,Fabbiano, & Trinchieri (1992b), which indicates that X-rayluminosity is correlated with the spectral shape below 1 keV in thesense that low-LX systems have relatively large contributionsfrom a soft component compared with high-LX systems. We findevidence from our analysis of the 12 micron IRAS data for our samplethat our S0 sample has excess 12 micron emission compared with the Esample, scaled by their optical luminosities. This may be due toemission from dust heated in star-forming regions in S0 disks. Thisinterpretation is reinforced by the existence of a strongL12-L100 correlation for our S0 sample that is notfound for the E galaxies, and by an analysis of optical-IR colors. Wefind steep slopes for power-law relationships between radio luminosityand optical, X-ray, and far-IR (FIR) properties. This last point arguesthat the presence of an FIR-emitting interstellar medium (ISM) inearly-type galaxies is coupled to their ability to generate nonthermalradio continuum, as previously argued by, e.g., Walsh et al. (1989). Wealso find that, for a given L100, galaxies with largerLX/LB tend to be stronger nonthermal radiosources, as originally suggested by Kim & Fabbiano (1990). We notethat, while LB is most strongly correlated withL6, the total radio luminosity, both LX andLX/LB are more strongly correlated with L6CO, the core radio luminosity. These points support the argument(proposed by Fabbiano, Gioia, & Trinchieri 1989) that radio cores inearly-type galaxies are fueled by the hot ISM.
| An X-ray catalog and atlas of galaxies
An X-ray catalog and atlas of galaxies observed with the EinsteinObservatory imaging instruments (IPC and HRI) are presented. The catalogcomprises 493 galaxies, including targets of pointed observations, andRSA or RC2 galaxies serendipitously included in Einstein fields. A totalof 450 of these galaxies were imaged well within the instrumentalfields, resulting in 238 detections and 2123 sigma upper limits. Theother galaxies were either at the edge of the visible field of view orconfused with other X-ray sources. For these a rough measure of theirX-ray emission is also given. The atlas shows X-ray contour maps ofdetected galaxies superposed on optical photographs and givesazimuthally averaged surface brightness profiles of galaxies detectedwith a high signal-to-noise ratio.
| UGC galaxies stronger than 25 mJy at 4.85 GHz
UGC galaxies in the declination band +5 to +75 deg were identified byposition coincidence with radio sources stronger than 25 mJy on theGreen Bank 4.85 GHz sky maps. Candidate identifications were confirmedor rejected with the aid of published aperture-synthesis maps and new4.86 GHz VLA maps having 15 or 18 arcsec resolution, resulting in asample of 347 nearby radio galaxies plus five new quasar-galaxy pairs.The radio energy sources in UGC galaxies were classified as 'starbursts'or 'monsters' on the basis of their infrared-radio flux ratios, infraredspectral indices, and radio morphologies. The rms scatter in thelogarithmic infrared-radio ratio q is not more than 0.16 for starburstgalaxies selected at 4.85 GHz. Radio spectral indices were obtained fornearly all of the UGC galaxies, and S0 galaxies account for adisproportionate share of the compact flat-spectrum (alpha less than0.5) radio sources. The extended radio jets and lobes produced bymonsters are preferentially, but not exclusively, aligned within about30 deg of the optical minor axes of their host galaxies. The tendencytoward minor-axis ejection appears to be independent of radio-sourcesize and is strongest for elliptical galaxies.
| Radio emission and the hot interstellar medium of early-type galaxies
The results of an analysis of a sample of 84 elliptical and S0 galaxies,observed in X-rays with the Einstein Observatory and in radio continuumat 5 GHz, are reported. Radio flux densities result in some of thelowest radio powers yet reported for early-type galaxies. Radiostructures extending beyond the optical radius are found only ingalaxies with 5 GHz radio power greater than about 10 exp 29.5ergs/s/Hz. Radio and X-ray luminosities are correlated, although withlarge intrinsic scatter, suggesting that more than one mechanism may beinvolved. A correlation between core radio power and theX-ray-to-optical ratio suggests a connection between the hot ISM andnuclear radio sources and points to accreting cooling flows as the fuelfor the radio sources. For the same radio core power, extended radiolobes tend to be associated with galaxies with relatively smallerX-ray-to-optical ratios, pointing to the importance of the hot ISM indisrupting the radio jets and confining extended radio structures.
| Groups of galaxies in the Center for Astrophysics redshift survey
By applying the Huchra and Geller (1982) objective group identificationalgorithm to the Center for Astrophysics' redshift survey, a catalog of128 groups with three or more members is extracted, and 92 of these areused as a statistical sample. A comparison of the distribution of groupcenters with the distribution of all galaxies in the survey indicatesqualitatively that groups trace the large-scale structure of the region.The physical properties of groups may be related to the details oflarge-scale structure, and it is concluded that differences among groupcatalogs may be due to the properties of large-scale structures andtheir location relative to the survey limits.
| On the relationship between radio emission and optical properties in early-type galaxies
To study the origin of radio activity in early-type galaxies, thepossible dependence of their radio emission on basic optical parameters,such as the absolute magnitude, the central velocity dispersion sigma,and the mean surface brightness mu is explored. A sample of 743 E and SOgalaxies is used which is based on three independent radio surveys ofoptically selected galaxies with virtually complete information onmagnitudes, morphological types, redshift distances, diameters, andradio fluxes. For both E and SO galaxies, only the absolute magnitudeappears to be directly related to the radio activity, while sigma and mudo not. Also, a significant dependence of the apparent flattening onradio power is confirmed for E galaxies. Some relevant implications ofthese results are discussed.
| Bimodal star formation - Constraints from galaxy colors at high redshift
The possibility that at early epochs the light from elliptical galaxiesis dominated by stars with an initial mass function (IMF) which isdeficient in low-mass stars, relative to the solar neighborhood isinvestigated. V-R colors for the optical counterparts of 3CR radiosources offer the most severe constraints on the models. Reasonable fitsare obtained to both the blue, high-redshift colors and the redder,low-redshift colors with a model galaxy which forms with initially equalstar formation rates in each of two IMF modes: one lacking low-massstars, and one with stars of all masses. The net effect is that thetime-integrated IMF has twice as many high-mass stars as the solarneighborhood IMF, relative to low mass stars. A conventional solarneighborhood IMF does not simultaneously account for both the range incolors at high redshift and the redness of nearby ellipticals, with anysingle star formation epoch. Models with a standard IMF require half thestellar population to be formed in a burst at low redshift z of about 1.
| Properties of the X-ray emitting gas in early-type galaxies
The properties of the X-ray emitting gas in a sample of 81 E and S0galaxies observed with the Einstein Observatory are studied. Measuredfluxes for 55 of the galaxies and upper limits for 26 of them arereported. An attempt is made to use consistent optical parameters forthe galaxies, including a correction to the velocities for theVirgocentric flow. The sample is then used to explore the contributionfrom discrete sources, the global physical properties of the hot gas,and the implications for heating by supernovae and gravity. Finally, thequestion of the presence of heavy halos is addressed.
| Infrared photometry of the nuclei of early-type radio galaxies
IR excesses are noted in the broad emission line galaxies, BL Lacobjects, and two additional galaxies, encompassed by the present sampleof 44 nearby radio elliptical and S0 galaxies studied by means of J, H,K, L-prime two-aperture photometry and single aperture 10-micronphotometry. The sample as a whole appears to have positive 10-micronemission largely due to starlight. There is no correlation between radioflux and 10-micron excess, in contrast to the situation with Seyfertgalaxies.
| Far-infrared excesses from E/S0 galaxies with compact radio cores
Ten optically bright E/S0 galaxies with compact, nonthermal radio coresobserved with IRAS are discussed. Four galaxies (NGC 1052, NGC 2911, NGC3998, NGC 4278) are detected in at least two IRAS bands. These four showcolor temperatures between 100 and 60 microns of about 25-30 K and largefar-infrared (FIR) excesses. Their FIR emission is not a smoothextrapolation of the compact radio core spectrum. A thermal, rather thannonthermal, interpretation of the FIR excess is favored, primarilybecause of the unusually H I-rich and dusty nature of these four E/S0's.The ratio of the H I mass to the infrared luminosity is remarkablysimilar among the four, which could imply a narrow range in the ratiosof neutral gas mass to dust mass.
| A survey of neutral hydrogen absorption in the nuclei of active spiral galaxies
Nineteen spiral and irregular galaxies with bright continuum nuclei wereobserved with the VLA to search for absorption at 21 cm by cool atomichydrogen in or in front of the nuclei. Fifteen absorption lines weredetected, and six tentatively identified, in 15 of these galaxies.Equivalent widths are much larger than for a spiral disk like that ofthe Milky Way; it is suggested that absorption arises not in the disksbut in circumstellar clouds, or in some cases in an intervening systemfalling toward the active nucleus. Simple order-of-magnitudecalculations suggest accretion rates of about 1 solar mass of H I peryear onto the nucleus.
| An Arecibo survey for extragalactic hydroxyl absorption. I - Presentation of results
Hydroxyl absorption has been detected in a total of 24 galaxies;megamaser emission in six additional galaxies brings the total number ofdetections of extragalactic OH to 30. About 50 percent of theextragalactic absorption lines are asymmetrically skewed toward the red,indicating that the molecular disks could have an unusual velocity orexcitation structure. The hyperfine ratio for the 1667 and 1665 MHztransitions in most galaxies lies within the limits specified by LTEconditions.
| X-ray emission from E and S0 galaxies with compact nuclear radio sources
The imaging proportional counter on the Einstein Observatory has beenused to search for X-ray emission from 13 nearby E and S0 galaxies withcompact nuclear radio sources. Five galaxies with X-ray luminosity ofabout 10 to the 41st ergs/s were detected, and one of them was resolved.These galaxies and a few similar ones observed by others are compared toa sample of radio-quiet E and S0 galaxies. The radio-emitting galaxieshave consistently greater X-ray luminosities per unit of opticalluminosity than most radio-quiet galaxies. Possible emission mechanismsand models for the resolved source, for the most powerful source, andfor the class of E/S0 galaxies with active nuclei are discussed.
| Detection of distant extragalactic OH in absorption
OH absorption features were observed at greater than 200 Mpc distancefrom the galaxy B2 1506 + 34. The data were collected with the 200 x 40m radio telescope at the Paris Observatory in 1984. Linear polarizationswere observed at 1667 and 1665 MHz, with the data being fed through a1024 channel autocorrelator. The spectral data covered 8.35 MHz, i.e.,about 1500 km/sec. OH absorption data are presented for the objects NGC2623, Mrk 231, NGC 5506 and B2 1506 + 34. The 1667/1665 flux ratiovaried from 0.9-2.1 indicating the presence of a molecular gas with a 10K temperature and column densities one to two orders of magnitude largerthan those in our Galaxy.
| Compact-core-dominated radio emission from bright E/S0 galaxies
VLA surveys have been conducted of the continuum emission from 11 brightE/S0 galaxies which contain compact radio cores, yielding data on totaland linearly polarized intensities. Like their more luminouscounterparts, which are associated with quasars and BL Lacertae objects,the present compact radio cores possess flat or inverted radio spectraat frequencies greater than about 5 GHz. Most of them also exhibittime-variable flux densities, and display structure on milliarcsecscales. The linearly polarized emission detected from four of thegalaxies is found to be significantly displaced from the compact-corelocation. Extended emission on arcmin scales was found in four cases,and steep spectrum components are associated with three galaxies. Thesearcmin-scale and/or steep spectrum components may represent relics ofpast radio continuum activity.
| A survey of galaxy redshifts. IV - The data
The complete list of the best available radial velocities for the 2401galaxies in the merged Zwicky-Nilson catalog brighter than 14.5mz and with b (II) above +40 deg or below -30 deg ispresented. Almost 60 percent of the redshifts are from the CfA surveyand are accurate to typically 35 km/s.
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