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Redshifts for 2410 Galaxies in the Century Survey Region
The Century Survey strip covers 102 deg2 within the limits8h5<=α<=16h5, 29.0d<=δ<=30.0d, equinoxB1950.0. The strip passes through the Corona Borealis supercluster andthe outer region of the Coma cluster. Within the Century Survey region,we have measured 2410 redshifts that constitute four overlappingcomplete redshift surveys: (1) 1728 galaxies with Kron-CousinsRph<=16.13 covering the entire strip, (2) 507 galaxieswith Rph<=16.4 in right ascension range8h32m<=α<=10h45m, equinox B1950.0, (3) 1251 galaxies withabsorption- and K-corrected RCCDc<=16.2 (where ``c''indicates ``corrected'') covering the right ascension range8h5<=α<=13h5, equinox B1950.0, and (4) 1255 galaxieswith absorption- and K-corrected VCCDc<=16.7 also coveringthe right ascension range 8h5<=α<=13h5, equinoxB1950.0. All these redshift samples are more than 98% complete to thespecified magnitude limit. We derived samples 1 and 2 from scans of thePOSS1 red (E) plates calibrated with CCD photometry. We derived samples3 and 4 from deep V and R CCD images covering the entire region. Weinclude coarse morphological types for all the galaxies in sample 1. Thedistribution of (V-R)CCD for each type correspondsappropriately with the classification. Work reported here is basedpartly on observations obtained at the Michigan-Dartmouth-MITObservatory.
| V- and R-band Galaxy Luminosity Functions and Low Surface Brightness Galaxies in the Century Survey
We use 64 deg2 of deep V and R CCD images to measure thelocal V- and R-band luminosity functions of galaxies. TheV0<16.7 and R0<16.2 redshift samples contain1255 and 1251 galaxies and are 98.1% and 98.2% complete, respectively.We apply k-corrections before the magnitude selection so that thecompleteness is to the same depth for all spectral types. The V and Rfaint-end slopes are surprisingly identical: α=-1.07+/-0.09.Representative Schechter function parameters for H0=100 are:M*R=-20.88+/-0.09,φ*R=0.016+/-0.003 Mpc-3 andM*V=-20.23+/-0.09,φ*V=0.020+/-0.003 Mpc-3. The V andR local luminosity densities,jR=(1.9+/-0.6)×108 Lsolar andjV=(2.2+/-0.7)×108 Lsolar, are inessential agreement with the recent 2 Degree Field Galaxy RedshiftSurvey and Sloan Digital Sky Survey determinations. All low surfacebrightness (LSB) galaxies fall in the large-scale structure delineatedby high surface brightness galaxies. The properties and surface numberdensity of our LSB galaxies are consistent with the LSB galaxy catalogof O'Neil, Bothun & Cornell, suggesting that our samples arecomplete for LSB galaxies to the magnitude limits. We measure colors,surface brightnesses, and luminosities for our samples, and find strongcorrelations among these galaxy properties. The color-surface brightnessrelation is(V-R)0=(-0.11+/-0.05)μR,0+(2.6+/-0.9).
| 1.65 μm (H-band) surface photometry of galaxies. III. observations of 558 galaxies with the TIRGO 1.5 m telescope
We present near-infrared H-band (1.65 μm ) surface photometry of 558galaxies in the Coma Supercluster and in the Virgo cluster. This dataset, obtained with the Arcetri NICMOS3 camera ARNICA mounted on theGornergrat Infrared Telescope, is aimed at complementing, withobservations of mostly early-type objects, our NIR survey of spiralgalaxies in these regions, presented in previous papers of this series.Magnitudes at the optical radius, total magnitudes, isophotal radii andlight concentration indices are derived. We confirm the existence of apositive correlation between the near-infrared concentration index andthe galaxy H-band luminosity Based on observations taken at TIRGO(Gornergrat, Switzerland). TIRGO is operated by CAISMI-CNR, Arcetri,Firenze, Italy. Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form atthe CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| 1.65 μm (H-band) surface photometry of galaxies. V. Profile decomposition of 1157 galaxies
We present near-infrared H-band (1.65 μm) surface brightness profiledecomposition for 1157 galaxies in five nearby clusters of galaxies:Coma, A1367, Virgo, A262 and Cancer, and in the bridge between Coma andA1367 in the ``Great Wall". The optically selected (mpg≤16.0) sample is representative of all Hubble types, from E to Irr+BCD,except dE and of significantly different environments, spanning fromisolated regions to rich clusters of galaxies. We model the surfacebrightness profiles with a de Vaucouleurs r1/4 law (dV), withan exponential disk law (E), or with a combination of the two (B+D).From the fitted quantities we derive the H band effective surfacebrightness (μe) and radius (re) of each component, theasymptotic magnitude HT and the light concentration indexC31. We find that: i) Less than 50% of the Ellipticalgalaxies have pure dV profiles. The majority of E to Sb galaxies is bestrepresented by a B+D profile. All Scd to BCD galaxies have pureexponential profiles. ii) The type of decomposition is a strong functionof the total H band luminosity (mass), independent of the Hubbleclassification: the fraction of pure exponential decompositionsdecreases with increasing luminosity, that of B+D increases withluminosity. Pure dV profiles are absent in the low luminosity rangeLH<1010 L\odot and become dominantabove 1011 L\odot . Based on observations taken atTIRGO, Gornergrat, Switzerland (operated by CAISMI-CNR, Arcetri,Firenze, Italy) and at the Calar Alto Observatory (operated by theMax-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (Heidelberg) jointly with theSpanish National Commission for Astronomy). Table 2 and Figs. 2, 3, 4are available in their entirety only in electronic form at the CDS viaanonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| Arcsecond Positions of UGC Galaxies
We present accurate B1950 and J2000 positions for all confirmed galaxiesin the Uppsala General Catalog (UGC). The positions were measuredvisually from Digitized Sky Survey images with rms uncertaintiesσ<=[(1.2")2+(θ/100)2]1/2,where θ is the major-axis diameter. We compared each galaxymeasured with the original UGC description to ensure high reliability.The full position list is available in the electronic version only.
| An image database. II. Catalogue between δ=-30deg and δ=70deg.
A preliminary list of 68.040 galaxies was built from extraction of35.841 digitized images of the Palomar Sky Survey (Paper I). For eachgalaxy, the basic parameters are obtained: coordinates, diameter, axisratio, total magnitude, position angle. On this preliminary list, weapply severe selection rules to get a catalog of 28.000 galaxies, wellidentified and well documented. For each parameter, a comparison is madewith standard measurements. The accuracy of the raw photometricparameters is quite good despite of the simplicity of the method.Without any local correction, the standard error on the total magnitudeis about 0.5 magnitude up to a total magnitude of B_T_=17. Significantsecondary effects are detected concerning the magnitudes: distance toplate center effect and air-mass effect.
| Automated surface photometry for the Coma Cluster galaxies: The catalog
A homogeneous photometry catalog is presented for 450 galaxies withB25.5 less than or equal to 16 mag located in the 9.8 deg x9.8 deg region centered on the Coma Cluster. The catalog is based onphotographic photometry using an automated surface photometry softwarefor data reduction applied to B-band Schmidt plates. The catalogprovides accurate positions, isophotal and total magnitudes, major andminor axes, and a few other photometric parameters including rudimentarymorphology (early of late type).
| Galaxy Properties at the North Galactic Pole. I. Photometric Properties on Large Spatial Scales
A two-color study of the galaxies detected on POSS-I in a 289 squaredegree region centered on the North Galactic Pole is presented. We use avariety of mapping techniques to characterize the large-scale spatialdistribution of galaxies. The depth and sample size of this new surveyallows, for the first time, the isolation of large photometricsubsamples of galaxies in high- and low-density environments on thescale of superclusters. Our principal finding is a statisticallysignificant difference between the mean photometric properties of thesesubsamples in the sense that galaxies in the high-density Coma andfilament environments have redder colors and larger concentrationindices than galaxies drawn from low-density interfilament regions.These results are in accord with the known morphology-density relation.Thus, appropriately chosen photometric and morphological parameters, inconcert with a galaxy surface density map, can be used to selectstructures from the projected galaxy distribution which correspond toregions of high density. An illustration of this point is our discoveryof a concentration of blue galaxies identified in our maps near the coreof the Coma cluster. This feature is comprised of early-type galaxieswhich exhibit signs of current or recent star formation. These resultsare predicated on relations between morphological type and photometricparameters derived from APS scans of POSS-I. We therefore discuss theimage calibration procedures used to compile our catalog of physicallysignificant photometric parameters. We demonstrate the morphologicaltype dependence among quantities such as mean color and imageconcentration index, and the lack of such a dependence for mean surfacebrightness.
| Study of a field in the Coma supercluster. I - Automated galaxies count
A IIIaJ Palomar Schmidt plate of the eastern end of a filament ofgalaxies found by Fontanelli (1984) in the Coma cluster region has beenexamined. The galaxy selection was performed using a classical Bayesianclassification based on the diagram of integrated density versus thearea, allowing all the nonstellar objects to be identified. Coordinates,amplitudes, areas in pixels, and morphological types are given for 7582galaxies. A real-time reduction technique for image segmentation is usedto identify galaxy condensations, and estimations of the parameters,position, axis, and orientation of these condensations are presented.
| Taxonomical analysis of superclusters. II - The A1367/Coma supercluster
The nonhierarchical taxonomical method has been applied to a sample of185 galaxies, complete to m not greater than 15, in the A1367/Comaregion. Once the fore- and background galaxies have been identified, theanalysis of the A1367 cluster shows it composed by two gravitationallybound clumps at essentially the same redshift, 6396 km/s and 6562 km/s,respectively. Central Coma is traced by three different groups whosegravitational binding does not appear clearly. However, accepting theunique dynamical entity of Central Coma, some other neighboring groupswould be part of the cluster. In that case, the average radial velocityand dispersion of the Coma cluster would be 7013 and 423 km/s,respectively. The M/L ratios for the groups evidenced by the taxonomyrange from 13 to 170. The missing mass problem only appears when all thegalaxies in the sample are considered as members of a unique dynamicalstructure. The relationship found in other systems between the redshift,the morphological type and the radioemissivity is also present in thesample.
| Radio continuum survey of the Coma/A1367 supercluster. II - 1.5 GHz observations of 396 CGCG galaxies
1.5 GHz VLA radio continuum observations of 396 relatively isolated CGCGgalaxies in the Coma/A1367 supercluster yielded the detection of 95objects. These observations, added to the ones presented in previouspapers, form a complete sample of optically selected objects with m(p)equal to or less than 15.3. Two wide-angle-tailed sources have beenfound in smaller groups within the supercluster.
| The dynamics of rich clusters of galaxies. I - The Coma cluster
Self-consistent analytical dynamical models are used to study theendpoint of cluster formation, concentrating on the Coma cluster.Particular attention is paid to the effects of anisotropy in thevelocity dispersion and variations in the energy-distribution functionon the cluster structure, the effect on the core structure of a massivecentral object, the dynamical consequences of morphological segregation,cosmological infall and the edge of a cluster, the distribution of darkmatter in a cluster, and the implications of X-ray observations for thedistribution of gravitating material in a cluster. Radial velocity datais displayed, and new and repeated redshifts are reported for a numberof galaxies in the central regions of the cluster. Cluster membership isdetermined and a velocity-dispersion profile is derived. A compositesurface-density profile is derived, and amazing examples are shown ofmodels with virtually identical surface-density profiles but otherwisecompletely different internal dynamics.
| Band theory applied to the Coma/A1367 supercluster
Predictions from redshift-magnitude band theory are tested againstobservations in the Coma/A1367 supercluster. Bands, associated verticalsequences, and morphological correlations are found. The structure ofsuperclusters is discussed in the light of both conventional and bandtheory. Conventional theory may require a rather unusual geometry, whileband theory matches the observations in a simple manner.
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